ABSTRACT
The elimination half-lives of in Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1) in rats after inflammatory stimulation were investigated. Five male Sprague-Dawley rats were used (age, 9 weeks; body weight, 235–375 g). Turpentine oil was intramuscularly injected at a dose of 2 mL/kg body weight to induce acute inflammation. Blood was collected pre-injection and 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, and 96 h after the turpentine oil injection. Serum concentrations of IL-6, CINC-1, and α₂-macroglobulin (α2M) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Half-lives were calculated as 0.693/elimination rate constant. The serum concentration of α2M peaked at 48 h after turpentine oil injection. Serum concentrations of IL-6 and CINC-1 increased and peaked at 12 and 24 h, respectively. The terminal elimination half-lives of IL-6 and CINC-1 were 15.5 and 29.9 h, respectively. The half-life of CINC-1 was significantly longer than that of IL-6 (P=0.006). These results suggested that these cytokines synthesized in response to inflammatory stimulation were rapidly eliminated in rats. The serum concentrations of these cytokines should be measured at an early stage if these cytokines will be used as surrogate inflammatory markers instead of acute-phase proteins.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Acute-Phase Proteins , Body Weight , Cytokines , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Half-Life , Inflammation , Interleukin-6 , Neutrophils , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , TurpentineABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The antibacterial effect of ozone (O3) has been described in the extant literature, but the role of O3 therapy in the treatment of certain types of infection remains controversial. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.) O3 application in a cecal ligation/puncture rat model on interleukins (IL-6, IL-10) and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1 serum levels, acute lung injury and survival rates. METHODS: Four animal groups were used for the study: a) the SHAM group underwent laparotomy; b) the cecal ligation/puncture group underwent cecal ligation/puncture procedures; and c) the CLP+O2 and CLP+O3 groups underwent CLP+ corresponding gas mixture infusions (i.p.) throughout the observation period. IL-6, CINC-1 and IL-10 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Acute lung injury was evaluated with the Evans blue dye lung leakage method and by lung histology. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: CINC-1 was at the lowest level in the SHAM group and was lower for the CLP+O3 group vs. the CLP+O2 group and the cecal ligation/puncture group. IL-10 was lower for the SHAM group vs. the other three groups, which were similar compared to each other. IL-6 was lower for the SHAM group vs. all other groups, was lower for the CLP+O3 or CLP+O2 group vs. the cecal ligation/puncture group, and was similar for the CLP+O3 group vs. the CLP+O2 group. The lung histology score was lower for the SHAM group vs. the other groups. The Evans blue dye result was lower for the CLP+O3 group vs. the CLP+O2 group and the cecal ligation/puncture group but similar to that of the SHAM group. The survival rate for the CLP+O3 group was lower than for the SHAM group and similar to that for the other 2 groups (CLP and CLP+O2). CONCLUSION: Ozone therapy modulated the inflammatory response and acute lung injury in the cecal ligation/puncture infection model in rats, although there was no ...
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Chemokine CXCL1/blood , /blood , /blood , Ozone/therapeutic use , Peritonitis/drug therapy , Sepsis/drug therapy , Cecum/surgery , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Ligation , Punctures , Peritonitis/blood , Rats, Wistar , Sepsis/bloodABSTRACT
To investigate the protective effect of curcumin on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats, and explore the underlying mechanisms, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups: sham-vehicle (S), sham-curcumin (C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-vehicle (L), and curcumin-lipopolysaccharide (C-L) groups. The wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid protein content were used as measures of lung injury. Neutrophil recruitment and activation were evaluated by BAL fluid cellularity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in cell-free BAL and lung tissue. The levels of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1(CINC-1) in lung tissues were measured by ELISA. The histopathological changes of lung tissues were observed by using the HE staining. Our results showed that lung injury parameters, including the wet/dry weight ratio and protein content in BALF, were significantly higher in the L group than in the S group (P＜0.01). In the L group, higher numbers of neutrophils and greater MPO activity in cell-free BAL and lung homogenates were observed when compared with the S group (P＜0.01).There was a marked increase in CINC-1 levels in lung tissues in response to LPS challenge (P＜0.01,L group vs S group). Curcumin pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced changes in these indices. LPS caused extensive morphological lung damage, which was also lessened after curcumin pretreatment. All the above-mentioned parameters in the C group were not significantly different from those of the S group. It is concluded that curcumin pretreatment attenuates LPS-induced lung injury in rats. This beneficial effect of curcumin may involves, in part, inhibition of neutrophilic recruitment and activity, possibly through inhibition of lung CINC-1 expression.